Energy Awareness Quiz

Answer:

• Gasoline
• Wind
• Coal
• Biofuels
  Are all derived from solar energy

Biofuels derive energy from photosynthesis which is powered from the sun.
All fossil fuels can be thought of as "paleo-biofuels" and are a form of stored solar energy.
Wind energy is created by the uneven heating of the earth's surface, which is driven by solar input.
Nuclear energy is not derived from the sun. Nuclear energy comes from the energy released when atoms are split apart and some mass is converted to energy.

As of 2016, 10.4% of the US energy supply is supplied by renewable energy sources. This includes biomass (4.9%), hydropower (2.5%), wind (2.2%), geothermal (0.2%), and solar (0.6%)

80.7% of the US energy supply comes from fossil fuels, while 8.6% is from nuclear energy.


US Energy Consumption by Source, from the US Energy Information Administration

According to projections, oil and other liquid fuels (which do not include biofuels) will continue to account for the largest source of energy in the US. In 2013, oil accounted for 36% of total US energy, while in 2040 oil is projected to supply 33% of the total US energy.

This data is from the Annual Energy Outlook 2015 by the US Energy Information Administration.

For a global perspective on future energy needs, see the World Energy Outlook.

Japan and the European Union lead the world in fuel economy with requirements around 46 mpg and 45 mpg, respectively.
India's standard is over 42 mpg while the USA Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standard is around 36.2 mpg (in 2016).
Most nations, including the US, are implementing increasing standards over time, with the US setting a goal of 56.2 mpg by 2025.

Source: The International Council on Clean Transportation

CAFE Standards by the Department of Transportation

According to the US Energy Information Administration, space heating uses the most household energy.
Electronics, lighting, and appliances are the next largest users of energy in the home totaling 30%.
(2009 data)

Sources:
National Academy of Sciences, How we use Energy at Home and Work
US Energy Information Administration - Using and Saving Energy in Homes, 2009 data

1.8% decrease in total US carbon dioxide emissions.
This example illustrates the usefulness of doing some basic calculations to quantify the benefit of this energy-saving measure.
A simple Excel worksheet is included below that shows the steps used to calculate this answer; the spreadsheet allows students to modify some of the variables to further investigate this topic.

LED worksheet (Excel 2007 (.xlsx) 13kB Jan12 18)

False.
In Denmark, where 9% of their electricity is generated by wind turbines, it was estimated that 30,000 birds are killed by wind turbines each year (see image below). While that is indeed a large number, it was also estimated that car traffic kills over one million birds per year in Denmark. In Britain domestic cats are responsible for 55 million bird deaths per year. This is not to say that bird kills are not a serious problem that merits careful attention, but a quantitative approach can illuminate the consequences of several different threats to birds. It should also be noted that the birds killed by wind turbines are typically raptors, while those preyed upon by cats are songbirds and other small species.



Source: Alternative Energy Without the Hot Air, by David MacKay http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c10/page_63.shtml

None of the above.
There is no single "silver bullet" technology that will give us a simple transition to carbon-free energy for home heating, transportation, manufacturing and other large uses of energy. Every source of energy has its drawbacks and benefits, and a transition to new forms of energy will involve many different technologies, along with improvements in efficiency and changes in infrastructure.

They are about the same.
A laptop uses 15-60 watts of electricity. The exact amount depends on the type of laptop and the intensity of the use such as how many programs are open, if a CD is spinning, or if the hard drive is in frequent use. Six hours of laptop use at 45 watts equals 270 watt-hours.
Making coffee can be accomplished by several methods. A typical coffee maker uses 900 watts of electricity and runs for approximately 15 minutes, yielding 225 watt-hours of energy demand. To make coffee on the stovetop, an electric burner uses 2500 watts and takes about 5 minutes to boil a kettle of water. This works out to be 208 watt-hours.

You can see all the variables and fiddle with the numbers yourself by using this coffee vs computer spreadsheet (Excel 2007 (.xlsx) 12kB Dec14 10).

Handy reference: How much electricity does my stuff use? by Michael Bluejay